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1. Mass Internment and Arbitrary Detention

Since 2017, over one million Uyghurs and other Turkic peoples have been detained without trial in a vast network of internment facilities. Victims are forced to undergo ideological indoctrination, language assimilation, and harsh discipline. Many suffer torture, beatings, sexual violence, and psychological abuse.

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2. Forced Labor

Detainees and former detainees are funneled into factories under coercive conditions. Many global supply chains — including textiles, electronics, and agriculture — are linked to forced Uyghur labor. Uyghurs who refuse such assignments face threats to their families or re-arrest.

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3. Mass Surveillance and Digital Oppression

Xinjiang is one of the most heavily surveilled regions in the world. Uyghurs are monitored through facial recognition cameras, biometric data collection, AI-based predictive policing, and mobile phone scanning. Entire communities live under constant digital scrutiny.

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4. Cultural and Religious Erasure

Thousands of mosques have been demolished or defaced. Uyghur language education is banned in many schools. Religious practices such as fasting during Ramadan, wearing headscarves, or owning a Qur'an have been criminalized. Uyghur books, music, and artwork are suppressed or destroyed.

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5. Family Separation and Child Internment

Uyghur children are forcibly taken from their families and placed in state-run boarding schools, orphanages, or indoctrination centers. This is done even when parents are alive but detained. The goal is to break intergenerational cultural transmission and impose Han Chinese values.

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6. Forced Sterilization and Birth Suppression

Women in Uyghur regions are subjected to forced birth control, intrauterine device insertions, and sterilization. Birth rates in some areas of Xinjiang have dropped by more than sixty percent in recent years. These policies target Uyghurs as an ethnic group and aim to reduce their population size — a key criterion of genocide.

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7. Torture and Sexual Violence

Survivors have reported routine beatings, electrocution, sleep deprivation, rape, and gang sexual assault inside detention centers. These acts are part of a broader strategy to dehumanize detainees and break their identity.

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8. Destruction of Cemeteries and Sacred Sites

Uyghur burial sites, tombs, and religious shrines have been bulldozed or redeveloped into commercial spaces. This destruction of sacred geography is part of a broader campaign to erase Uyghur cultural heritage from the landscape.